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 FAQs

Check out some of the most Frequently Asked Questions.

Cataract


What is cataract?

When a normal, transparent, crystalline lens of the eye becomes opaque, it is termed as cataract.

Symptoms:
1. Reduced vision / Blurred vision
2. Intolerable glare / Sunlight
3. Night vision problems
4. Difficulty in reading / near work


How serious is the problem?
Cataract in its early stage is never a serious illness unless accompanied by other pathology in the eye such as glaucoma, diabetic neuropathy, ocular infection or inflammation, trauma to the eye etc.

When is the cataract ripe for removal?
There is no such process as ripening of cataract for removal. At any stage when patient feels that cataract is causing disturbance in day-to-day functioning of life, it needs to be removed when your doctor feels that it is likely to cause complications if left alone.

When does a cataract form?
No one knows exact cause for development of age related cataract. The theories suggest an age related degenerative change in the normal crystalline lens or exposure to ultraviolet light or other unknown environmental pollutants as possible mechanism.

Other causes of a pathological cataract are:
1. Diabetes
2. Traumatic
3. Metabolic errors
4. Congenital – since birth
5. Hereditary
6. Drugs viz steroids, etc.

Parts of Cataract:
1. Capsule
2. Nucleus
3. Cortex

Method of Removal:

A. Conventional: Cataract of approx. 9mm in diameter is removed in to by making an incision of 9.5 – 10 mm in size which needs to be sutured.

B. Phaco emulsification: An ultrasonic machine, which has a probe diameter of 2.8 mm, divides the cataract into small pieces and sucks them off. An incision size of 2.8 – 3.2mm does not require any sutures.

Types of Intra ocular lenses (IOLs):

(A) Non foldable / Conventional / Rigid :- 5 – 6 mm in optic diameter & hence require a larger incision size for its passage into the eye. Material is Acrylic (PMMA)
(B) Foldable / Rollable / Injectable/ Soft :- A 6 mm Optic of this lens gets folded to be passed through a 3mm incision. Once inside the lens opens up into its original size form & shape.
(C) Anterior Chamber (AC) :- Sometimes due to some unforeseen complications IOL needs to be placed in front of the Ins. This is called as an AC IOL.


Why is an IOL needed?
Normal crystalline lens has a power. When removed this power needed to be replaced inside the eye with an IOL. If an IOL is not put ,very thick glasses (of ( + 10.D) approx) needed to be worn.

Does one need to wear glasses after surgery?
• IOL power is usually adjusted for distance vision & rarely for near vision. Hence one requires to wear a corrective glass for reading & rarely for distance.
• Latest Multifocal lenses (IOLs) can do away with most of the member for distance as well as near. Although one may still require a very small glass for crystal clear & crisp vision & for reading very minute prints.

Advantages of Phaco emulsification:
(1) Faster healing post operatively
(2) Smaller Incision size
(3) Lesser operating time in experienced hands
(4) Lesser chances of complications in experienced hands

Anesthesia:
Your Surgeon decides which anesthesia is right for you:
(1) Injection
(2) Topical
(3) General

After care:
(1) Eye Patch needs to be put for 2 – 24 hours depending upon the case.
(2) Do not indulge in heavy work for 1 – 2 weeks
(3) Do not swim/ drive for 1 – 2 weeks
(4) Head bath can be taken after 1 – 2 weeks
(5) Dark glasses needs to be worn for 1 – 2 weeks
(6) Avoid reading, Writing, watching T.V. etc. for 1 – 2 weeks
(7) Put medications as instructed
(8) Keep your check up appointments as instructed.

 


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